LEGAL ISSUES AROUND MINING

Author – Ipshita Ganguli, Student at Hidayatullah National Law University

Best Citation – Ipshita Ganguli, LEGAL ISSUES AROUND MINING, INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL LEGAL RESEARCH JOURNAL, 1 (1) of 2023, Pg. 171-170, ISBN – 978-81-960677-0-0.

ABSTARCT

Mining can be defined as the process of extracting minerals, metals and other valuable resources and assets for manufacturing of different goods which are further used for different purposes. The process of mining involves locating the land as well as extracting the minerals by using technologies available to mankind. Mining plays an important role in the development of economy and society. It provides job and financial assistance to the people in need. Mining is also responsible for meeting the global demands for minerals metals and other raw materials. Most probably, the primitive humans won’t have developed to the modern society without mining as the first weapons and tools were made out of iron and copper. Energy output also heavily depends on mining, especially in nations with abundant coal reserves. In India and other countries, coal is a significant energy source for the production of electricity. Construction, production, technology, and transit are just a few of the sectors that use the metals and minerals that are mined. Resources like silver, gold, copper, coal, iron ore, and gems are frequently extracted. Some of the different forms of mining are open-pit mining, underground mining, and placer mining. Although mining is crucial to economic growth, it can also have negative effects on the ecosystem and society. Deforestation, land erosion, river pollution, and the eviction of local populations are some of these effects. So that it is carried out in a viable and ethical way, mining is frequently subject to rules and supervision. This article aims to focus on the legal rules and supervision that mining is currently subjected to in its national aspect.

KEYWORDS: Mining, minerals, sustainability, environment, indigenous rights